Saccharomyces … Ferment

This ingredient is a fermented complex of saccharomyces (a type of yeast) combined with trace minerals including zinc, iron, germanium, copper, magnesium and silicon. The fermentation process breaks down these minerals into smaller forms that may be better utilised by the skin.It functions primarily as an astringent, meaning it helps to tighten and tone the skin's appearance. The mineral content may also support skin's natural regulatory functions.

Astringent ingredients work by causing a temporary contraction of skin tissue, which can create a tightening sensation and appear to minimise pore size. This effect is usually temporary but can help refine skin's surface appearance.The fermented mineral complex may also support skin's natural processes through the trace minerals present. Zinc, for instance, is involved in skin cell turnover and immune function, whilst copper and iron support connective tissue health.

This ingredient is typically found in serums, essences and toners. Use it as part of your morning or evening routine after cleansing and toning. If you have sensitive skin, introduce it gradually to monitor tolerance. It works well layered beneath heavier moisturisers and can be used daily as tolerated, though astringent ingredients suit daily use best in oily or combination skin types.

Generally well-tolerated in cosmetic concentrations. Those with very sensitive or reactive skin may want to patch test first, as astringent ingredients can occasionally cause temporary tightness or irritation.