Titanium Dioxide
Reviewed by Daisy · Last updated 14 Aug 2026
Also known as: CI 77891, TiO2
The mineral shield
Best For Skin Types
All skin types
Addresses
Effective Concentrations
2-15%
Usage Frequency
As directed on product packaging
EWG Safety Score
What Is Titanium Dioxide?
Titanium dioxide is a mineral UV filter that provides physical sun protection by reflecting and scattering UV rays away from the skin. It is one of two mineral sunscreen ingredients approved by the FDA, alongside zinc oxide.
As a physical (mineral) sunscreen, titanium dioxide sits on top of the skin rather than absorbing into it, making it generally well-tolerated by sensitive skin. It provides strong protection against UVB rays and some UVA2 protection.
Modern formulations often use micronized or nano-sized titanium dioxide particles to reduce the white cast traditionally associated with mineral sunscreens. Coated versions also improve stability and feel on the skin.
For broad-spectrum protection, titanium dioxide is often combined with zinc oxide, which provides better UVA protection. This combination offers comprehensive UV defense suitable for daily use.
Titanium dioxide is a natural mineral used as a physical UV filter. This key sunscreen ingredient forms a protective barrier on skin to reflect and protect against both UVA and UVB rays, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
Benefits for Your Skin
Clinical Evidence & References
Titanium dioxide is a well-established mineral UV filter with extensive safety and efficacy data spanning decades of use and research. It works through a physical mechanism—reflecting and scattering UV rays at the skin surface rather than absorbing them—which makes it particularly suitable for sensitive skin types. The ingredient provides strong protection against UVB rays and moderate UVA2 protection; broad-spectrum coverage is typically achieved by combining it with zinc oxide. Modern formulations using micronized or nano-sized particles have addressed earlier tolerability concerns around visible residue.
The evidence base reflects consistent real-world performance across multiple populations, though individual tolerance can vary depending on formulation, particle size, and skin type. Coated versions have shown improved stability and sensory profile in comparative studies. Current research continues to assess optimal particle sizing and coating technologies, but the fundamental safety profile and sun-protective mechanism are firmly established in the published literature.
Published Research
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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreens Environ Sci Technol, 2017
How to Use
Safety & Precautions
Frequently Asked Questions
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Take the skin quizOther forms of Titanium Dioxide
These appear on ingredients lists under different names but are the same substance. Titanium Dioxide is the common form.
Related Ingredients
CI 77891
A white pigment used to provide opacity and coverage in skincare formulations
Sodium …
A versatile mineral compound used for purifying and deodorising action in skincare formulations
SPF (Sun Protection Factor)
SPF measures UVB protection, not UVA
Sun Protection Factor (SPF)
Measures UVB protection, not UVA
Tocotrienols
Potent, stable forms of vitamin E
Tripaba Panthenol
A conditioning agent and UV filter with multiple functions in skincare formulations
Articles About Titanium Dioxide
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