Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine is a synthetic antimicrobial compound that has been used in clinical and dental settings for decades. It works by disrupting the cell membranes of bacteria and other microorganisms, making it effective against a wide range of pathogens.In skincare, chlorhexidine typically appears as a preservative or active antimicrobial agent. It is particularly common in oral care products and therapeutic formulations designed to reduce bacterial colonisation on the skin.

Chlorhexidine disrupts the integrity of bacterial cell membranes by binding to negatively charged sites on the cell surface. This causes leakage of intracellular contents and cell death, providing rapid antimicrobial action.As a preservative, it inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi in formulations at lower concentrations, helping to maintain product stability and safety over time.

Chlorhexidine-containing products should be used as directed on the product label. In oral care products, standard use involves rinsing or topical application. When present in skincare formulations, follow the manufacturer's guidance regarding application frequency and duration. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes unless the product is specifically formulated for those areas.

Chlorhexidine is generally well-tolerated when used as directed in cosmetic formulations. Some individuals may experience sensitivity or irritation; discontinue use if irritation develops. Oral chlorhexidine rinses can cause staining of teeth or restorations with prolonged use, though this is less relevant for skincare products.