Ergothioneine

Ergothioneine is a derivative of the amino acid histidine synthesized in nature by various bacteria and fungi. It occurs in most types of mushrooms with naturally high amounts detected in oyster, porcini, portobello, white button and shiitake types. Red beans, black beans, garlic and oat bran are other food sources, but a bio-identical form can be lab-synthesized and has proven to be safe.

Several studies have shown that ergothioneine is a potent antioxidant, capable of helping skin look younger when exposed to environmental stressors and sources of oxidative damage. One of the ways ergothioneine works on skin is by helping to protect its endogenous (naturally occurring) antioxidants from degrading, thus enabling it to maintain its defenses for longer periods of time.

Ergothioneine also has a surface inhibitory effect on an enzyme that plays a role in fueling excess melanin within skin’s uppermost layers. In doing so, ergothioneine plays a supporting role helping to fade discolorations.

Usage levels of ergothioneine in skin care range from 0.1–1% when supplied in a water-based solution with the antioxidant having an activity level of 0.05%--a testimony to this ingredient’s impressive potency.