Antioxidant

Vitamin B3

Reviewed by Kate · Last updated 30 Jul 2026

Also known as: niacinamide, nicotinamide

Essential vitamin for barrier health and brightening

Best For Skin Types

Oily, Combination

Addresses

enlarged pores, oiliness, hyperpigmentation, sensitivity

What Is Vitamin B3?

Vitamin B3, encompassing niacinamide and niacin, is one of the most versatile and well-researched vitamins in skincare. It supports multiple skin functions including barrier repair, brightness, and oil regulation.

This water-soluble vitamin is stable, well-tolerated, and compatible with most other skincare ingredients. Its multiple mechanisms of action make it a staple in formulations targeting various skin concerns.

How It Works

Vitamin B3 (also known as niacinamide or nicotinamide) is a unique skin-restoring ingredient that offers a multitude of benefits for skin. It is best known for its ability to help visibly reduce enlarged pores and improve uneven/dull skin tone. It also strengthens a weakened skin barrier. An advantage of vitamin B3’s antioxidant power is that it can help visibly repair damage from UV light while offsetting other sources of environmental attack (including the negative impact of airborne pollutants). Another helpful benefit is that vitamin B3 helps fortify skin’s surface against moisture loss and dehydration by boosting its natural production of skin-strengthening ceramides. Studies have also shown vitamin B3 has a positive effect on reducing wrinkle depth. Unlike many superstar anti-ageing ingredients, vitamin B3 is stable in the presence of heat and light. It is water soluble and presents as colorless needles or white crystalline powder in its raw material state. Vitamin B3 offers benefits for skin starting in concentrations as low 0.2%, and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded it is safe in concentrations all the way up to 20%. Myths about vitamin B3’s incompatibility with other “bio-active” ingredients have been dispelled, and in fact, research overwhelmingly shows complementary effects of combining vitamin B3 with other key anti-ageing ingredients.

Clinical Evidence & References

References:

  • International Journal of Dermatology, February 2021, pages 166-173 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Biomolecules & Therapeutics, July 2019, pages 562-569 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Experimental Dermatology, February 2019, pages 15-22 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Dermatologic Therapy, September 2017, ePublication [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Journal of Investigative Dermatology, May 2017, page S116 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • International Journal of Pharmaceutics, March 2017, pages 158-162 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, May 2016, pages 145-152 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, July 2015, pages 405-412 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, June 2014, pages 311-315 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • International Journal of Pharmacy, January 2013, pages 192-201 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Dermatoendrocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • International Journal of Toxicology, September 2005, pages 1-31 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Dermatologic Surgery, July 2005, pages 860-865 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • International Journal of Cosmetic Science, October 2004, pages 231-238 [URL NOT FOUND]
  • Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 88-93 [URL NOT FOUND]

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