Nicotinamide Mononucleotide

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a naturally occurring compound found in cells that serves as a building block for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). NAD is a coenzyme involved in fundamental cellular processes, including energy production and DNA repair. As cells age, NAD levels decline, which is thought to contribute to various ageing-related changes in skin and other tissues.In skincare formulations, NMN functions as an antioxidant intended to support cellular defence mechanisms. The ingredient is still relatively niche in cosmetics, appearing in approximately 0.1% of skincare …

NMN works by replenishing NAD levels within cells. NAD is essential for mitochondrial function—the energy powerhouses of cells—and for activating proteins called sirtuins, which are involved in cellular repair and stress responses. By increasing NAD availability, NMN may enhance the skin's ability to manage oxidative stress and support DNA repair processes.However, a key limitation is that NMN has high water solubility and low skin permeability, meaning its ability to penetrate the skin barrier in topical formulations remains unclear. Most evidence comes from oral supplementation or laborat…

NMN is typically found in serums, moisturisers, and targeted treatments. As with any antioxidant ingredient, consistency matters—use as directed on the product label, usually daily. Since the evidence for topical NMN is still developing, it works well as part of a layered skincare routine alongside other established antioxidants like vitamin C or niacinamide, rather than as a sole anti-ageing strategy.

NMN is generally considered well-tolerated in skincare formulations. Sensitivity is uncommon, though as with any new ingredient, a patch test is sensible if you have reactive skin.