Emulsifier

Poloxamer 184

Reviewed by Kate · Last updated 18 Aug 2026

Synthetic polymer | Functions as a cleansing agent

Addresses

Cleansing, Emulsifying

What Is Poloxamer 184?

A synthetic block copolymer built from repeating units of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The number identifies the particular ratio and chain length; poloxamers come in a whole family of grades with different properties. It is used as a mild emulsifier and cleansing agent. Poloxamers are non-ionic and unusually gentle, which is why they turn up in eye-area products and in pharmaceutical formulations as well as in cosmetics.

How It Works

The molecule has a water-repelling propylene oxide middle section and water-loving ethylene oxide ends. In water those middles cluster together and the ends face outward, which lets the molecule surround oil and hold it in suspension. That is the same principle as any surfactant, but the polymer structure makes it gentler than small surfactant molecules — it is less able to penetrate and disrupt the skin barrier, which is what makes it suitable for use around the eyes.

Clinical Evidence & References

Published Research

  • CosmeticsInfo.org, Accessed March 2021, ePublication [https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/poloxamer-184/]
  • Prospector, Accessed March 2021, ePublication [https://www.ulprospector.com/en/eu/PersonalCare/Detail/132861/9307667/Reachin-Poloxamer184]
  • International Journal of Toxicology, August 2008, pages 93-182 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18830866/]

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From the Clinic

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Part of a family

Poloxamer 184 is a variant of Poloxamer 338, the form you will most often see on an ingredients list.

A synthetic emulsifier that stabilises formulations and enables ingredient delivery

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